- Thesis Outline -

   16 FEBRUARY 2012.......

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....Today, we learn about thesis outline and body conclusion. 
What is an outline???

       " An outline is a general plan of what you are going to write. You can compare making an outline to drawing plans to build a house. Before one begins to build a house, it is best to draw up plans to make sure that a house is built in the way you want. The same is true with writing an essay and making an outline."

Here is an example of how a blank outline might look:

Essay Outline

I.Introduction  Thesis: _____________________

II.Body Paragraph #1-  Topic Sentence: _____________

  A.  supporting idea

  B.  supporting idea 

III.  Body Paragraph #2-  Topic Sentence: ____________

  A.  supporting idea

  B.  supporting idea

IV.  Body Paragraph #3-  Topic Sentence: ____________

    A.  supporting idea

  B.  supporting idea

V.  Conclusion

>> Topic sentence is divided into two:

      - topic

      - controlling idea

What is a thesis statement???

"A thesis statement is a complete sentence

that contains one main idea.  This idea controls

the content of the entire essay.  A thesis

statement that contains subpoints also helps a

reader know how the essay will be organized.

Look at the introductory paragraph below.  See

if you can identify the thesis statement and

subpoints. " 

Key features

Body paragraph should contain some of the following features:

* a topic sentence

* supporting sentences

* a concluding sentence

* unity

- Grammar Test -

   15 FEBRUARY 2012........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....Today began the GRAMMAR TEST for student JIM1101A. I was so nervous at that time. I mean,when i need to do the test. But at this time, i feel very thankful because all my test are finish. Accept for the FINAL EXAM!

- Practice Grammar -

   13 FEBRUARY 2012.........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....About today's class, we do some practice for the "Grammar Test". For me, this practice was very good. This is because, this practice can help me to get ready for the test on 15 February 2012. About the practice, i get 16.5 over 25 marks. This is not a very good at all and for me, it is a not enough to get an 'A'. So, i need to do more exercising about grammar. And absolutely...STUDY!...STUDY!...STUDY!

- Past Perfect Tense -

   09 FEBRUARY 2012..........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....About today's class, we learn about "past perfect tense". The Past Perfect Tense describes an action which took place before another action in the past.

The past perfect tense is often used in English when we are relating two events which happened in the past. It helps to show which event happened first. This page will explain the rules for forming and using the tense.

Forming the past perfect tense

Subject	HAVE	Past Participle	Contraction
I	had	arrived. eaten.	I'd arrived. I'd eaten.
You	had	arrived. eaten.	You'd arrived. You'd eaten.
He	had	arrived. eaten.	He'd arrived. He'd eaten.
She	had	arrived. eaten.	She'd arrived. She'd eaten.
It	had	arrived. eaten.	It'd arrived. It'd eaten.
We	had	arrived. eaten.	We'd arrived. We'd eaten.
They	had	arrived. eaten.	They'd arrived. They'd eaten.

Using the Past Perfect

The past perfect is used to show you which of two events happened first. Imagine that two things happened in the past:

I went to see the movie.

We discussed the movie in class.

Here, we don't know which order the events happened in. That may be important -- perhaps I went to see the movie after the discussion, or maybe I saw the movie before the discussion. There are many ways to make this sequence clear, and the past perfect is one of them. This is how we do it:

I went to see the movie. We had discussed it in class.

Here, we KNOW that the discussion took place FIRST -- even though the sentence describing it comes afterwards. We discussed the movie, and THEN I went to see it. This can be very useful when you are telling a story or relating a sequence of events. At any point in your story, you can jump BACK to a previous event, and your reader will not be confused, because the past perfect will make it clear that the event happened previously. Here is another example:

I wanted to live in a foreign country, so I applied for a job in Japan. Judy lived in Japan, so I called her to find out more about the culture and lifestyle there.(Judy was probably still living in Japan when I called her.)
I wanted to live in a foreign country, so I applied for a job in Japan. Judy had lived in Japan, so I called her to find out more about the culture and lifestyle there.(Judy no longer lived in Japan -- she returned from there before I applied for the job.)

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/pastpf.htm

- The Present Perfect -

   08 FEBRUARY 2012..........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....We also learn about the present perfect. The present perfect tense expresses past actions with no specific time indicated.

FORM

[has/have + past participle]

Examples:

• You have seen that movie many times.
• Have you seen that movie many times?
• You have not seen that movie many times.

USE 1 Unspecified Time Before Now

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

Examples:

• I have seen that movie twenty times.
• I think I have met him once before.
• There have been many earthquakes in California.
• People have traveled to the Moon.
• People have not traveled to Mars.
• Have you read the book yet?
• Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.
• A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?
  B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

TOPIC 1 Experience

 You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.

Examples:

• I have been to France.
  This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once, or several times.
• I have been to France three times.
  You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.
• I have never been to France.
  This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France.
• I think I have seen that movie before.
• He has never traveled by train.
• Joan has studied two foreign languages.
• A: Have you ever met him?
  B: No, I have not met him.

TOPIC 2 Change Over Time

We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time.

Examples:

• You have grown since the last time I saw you.
• The government has become more interested in arts education.
• Japanese has become one of the most popular courses at the university since the Asian studies program was established.
• My English has really improved since I moved to Australia.

TOPIC 3 Accomplishments

We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You cannot mention a specific time.

Examples:

• Man has walked on the Moon.
• Our son has learned how to read.
• Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.
• Scientists have split the atom.

TOPIC 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting

 Using the Present Perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.

Examples:

• James has not finished his homework yet.
• Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate.
• Bill has still not arrived.
• The rain hasn't stopped.

TOPIC 5 Multiple Actions at Different Times

. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible. 

Examples:

• The army has attacked that city five times.
• I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
• We have had many major problems while working on this project.
• She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.

Time Expressions with Present Perfect

When we use the Present Perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives before now. Remember, the exact time the action happened is not important.

Sometimes, we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. We can do this with expressions such as: in the last week, in the last year, this week, this month, so far, up to now, etc.

Examples:

• Have you been to Mexico in the last year?
• I have seen that movie six times in the last month.
• They have had three tests in the last week.
• She graduated from university less than three years ago. She has worked for three different companies so far.
• My car has broken down three times this week.

NOTICE

"Last year" and "in the last year" are very different in meaning. "Last year" means the year before now, and it is considered a specific time which requires Simple Past. "In the last year" means from 365 days ago until now. It is not considered a specific time, so it requires Present Perfect.

Examples:

• I went to Mexico last year.
  I went to Mexico in the calendar year before this one.
• I have been to Mexico in the last year.
  I have been to Mexico at least once at some point between 365 days ago and now.

USE 2 Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Present Perfect to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect.

Examples:

• I have had a cold for two weeks.
• She has been in England for six months.
• Mary has loved chocolate since she was a little girl.

   http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfect.html

- Seven Group Presentation -

   08 FEBRUARY 2012..........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....About today's presentation, it was by Nur Afifah, Hayatul Saffiera, Siti Nur Baizura and Adib. Their grammar topic is about "Expressing Future Time "...They gave us some gme to play. I was happy because the game was very interesting. They has balloon. It was a fun game for me and i really like it!!!
   What is a future time???

In English, we can refer to a a future action or condition (also the future time) in four ways.

There are several ways of expressing future time in English.
Use of will / shall
Will / shall + the base form of the verb is used to make a predication of an event. 
You’ll be in the office by now.
It will rain in the morning.
Adverbials such as tomorrow, next week next month, next year can be used with will / shall

Use of Be + going to 
One of the ways to expresses future time is to use is / am / are + going to + the first form of the verb. It is used to express the intention or plan that will be fulfilled in the immediate future.
Ex. They are going to see a movie in the evening.

Use of the present Continuous tense and the simple present tense
The present continuous tense can be used to express future with reference to a definite plan, arrangement or programmed.
Ex. The company is holding a meeting on Sunday.

The simple present tense is used for future reference when we are talking about time tables, schedules etc.
Ex. The bus leaves Delhi at 6 pm.
The class starts at 8.30 pm.

   http://www.myenglishguru.com/grammar/37-expressing-future-time/43-expressing-future-time.html

EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME WITH

‘ WILL ‘ AND ‘ BE GOING TO’:

Be Going to:

USE:

The future simple verb tense "going to" is used in the following situations:

     1. Planed events - When a future event that has been planed before the time of speaking.

§  I am going to Mexico in a few day.

§  We are not going to work next week.

§  They are going to University next year.

2. Predictions - To make a future prediction based on facts.

§  There is going to be a really big storm in a few hours.

§  The test next week is going to be really hard.

§  The puppies are cute. I am sure someone is going to adapt them.

3. Intentions - To state the something that is intended to take place in the future, in informal conversations.

§  I am going to be a rich person someday.

§  We are going to pass the test.

§  The pupies are going to make a big mess in house.

FORM:

      TO BE + GOING TO + VERB 1

Will:

USE:              

     1. The actions is unplanned at the time of speaking.

           Example:

·         I will go to the store today.

·         We will clean your room this week.

·         I won’t do my homework today, I will do it tomorrow.

2. A action that is predicted

 Examples:

·         I think it will rain this afternoon.

·         I hope I will win the lottery.

·         I know my daughter will come home late.

3. To request something.

 Example

·         Will you come with me to the store?

·         You will do your homework now.

·         I will not work overtime today.

4. Definite plans in formal English

  Example

·         I will go to the store tomorrow.

·         Will you help me with my homework

             -    My sister will not go to England with us next week. 

    https://docs.google.com/viewer?  a=v&q=cache:xIyliOD38EQJ:www.ctp.bilkent.edu.tr/~islim/exhibit/EXPRESSING%2520FUTURE%2520TIME%5B1%5D.doc+expressing+future+time&hl=en&gl=my&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiS5cGUF3bm6UZYV7EQnUZCrqu_fGmJlb0k_0dwtW7RMFF6QiLqL0maOBT39c_JR2tA595Ms4z-KMEQymIi7m4OVgjzUDEn6LKySsf6383Ae0stSS0XddU0wmqUXQVSb9kjOWaL&sig=AHIEtbRT0qjRCPBQJMvVjgWUKckeW9fUgQ

   >> will is a unplanned event. (something that we can't see)

   >> going to is a planned event. (something that we can see)

Time expression

- tomorrow

- soon

- tonight

- next month

- next weekend

- shortly

- this evening

- Six Group Presentation -

   02 FEBRUARY 2012.........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t.....Member of this group is Hairul Fitri, Ridhwan, Ku and Akmal. They present the topic about Present Continuous Tense. The present continuous tense describes an action that is happening at the moment of speaking. It happen at the same time (simultaneously)
   For time phase ::
   >> now, currently, this week, still today, at present, right now, at the moment.
   Example at the moment of speaking ::
   * i am smiling
Future events : It will happen

FORM

[am/is/are + present participle]

Examples:

• You are watching TV.
• Are you watching TV?
• You are not watching TV.

Complete List of Present Continuous Forms

USE 1 Now

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

Examples:

• You are learning English now.
• You are not swimming now.
• Are you sleeping?
• I am sitting.
• I am not standing.
• Is he sitting or standing?
• They are reading their books.
• They are not watching television.
• What are you doing?
• Why aren't you doing your homework?

USE 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.

Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)

• I am studying to become a doctor.
• I am not studying to become a dentist.
• I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
• I am not reading any books right now.
• Are you working on any special projects at work?
• Aren't you teaching at the university now?

USE 3 Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future.

Examples:

• I am meeting some friends after work.
• I am not going to the party tonight.
• Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
• Isn't he coming with us tonight?

USE 4 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Simple Present, but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."

Examples:

• She is always coming to class late.
• He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
• I don't like them because they are always complaining.

   http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html

- Fifth Group Presentation -

   02 FEBRUARY 2012........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....The group need to present about Simple Present Tense. It was by Nazira, Fadhilah, Siti Maisarah and Harif.

   What is a simple present tense???
   The simple present tense describes a habitual action, a fact and a general statement. For example ::
>> I wake up at 7a.m every morning.
     (routine)
   * smile + s = smiles
   * teach + es = teaches
   * carry + ies = carries
   * cry + ies = cries

How do we make the Simple Present Tense?

subject	+	auxiliary verb	+	main verb
		do		base

There are three important exceptions:

1. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary.
3. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.

Look at these examples with the main verb like:

	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I, you, we, they			like	coffee.
	He, she, it			likes	coffee.
-	I, you, we, they	do	not	like	coffee.
	He, she, it	does	not	like	coffee.
?	Do	I, you, we, they		like	coffee?
	Does	he, she, it		like	coffee?

Look at these examples with the main verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary:

	subject	main verb
+	I	am		French.
	You, we, they	are		French.
	He, she, it	is		French.
-	I	am	not	old.
	You, we, they	are	not	old.
	He, she, it	is	not	old.
?	Am	I		late?
	Are	you, we, they		late?
	Is	he, she, it		late?

How do we use the Simple Present Tense?

We use the simple present tense when:

• the action is general
• the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
• the action is not only happening now
• the statement is always true

John drives a taxi.
past	present	future
It is John's job to drive a taxi. He does it every day. Past, present and future.

Look at these examples:

• I live in New York.
• The Moon goes round the Earth.
• John drives a taxi.
• He does not drive a bus.
• We meet every Thursday.
• We do not work at night.
• Do you play football?

Note that with the verb to be, we can also use the simple present tense for situations that are not general. We can use the simple present tense to talk about now. Look at these examples of the verb "to be" in the simple present tense - some of them are general, some of them are now:

Am I right? Tara is not at home. You are happy.
past	present	future
The situation is now.

 

I am not fat. Why are you so beautiful? Ram is tall.
past	present	future
The situation is general. Past, present and future.

    http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present.htm

- Practice Speaking Test -

   01 FEBRUARY 2012........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....We do this class at night. We do the practice again but,this is not like a forum. Its more to discussion in a group. This practice were very good. It is because, we can get our self ready for the speaking test. Many information that we get on that class. For example, the topic for the speaking test is more to the current issues or its near to you. Like 1 Malaysia, Baby Dumping or others topic. We need to read the newspaper to looking for something beneficion. We will get the mark like this ::
     >> Content = 8 mark
     >> Language = 8 mark
     >> Communication Ability = 4 mark
* all of that is a 20 mark.

- My Group Presentation -

   01 FEBRUARY 2012.......

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....Today is our group turn to present in front of the class. Our topic is about " Past Continuous Tense ". The past continuous tense is used to show an action that was going on or that was being carried out in the past.

FORM

[was/were + present participle]

Examples:

• You were studying when she called.
• Were you studying when she called?
• You were not studying when she called.

Complete List of Past Continuous Forms

USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past

Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.

Examples:

• I was watching TV when she called.
• When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
• While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
• What were you doing when the earthquake started?
• I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
• You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
• While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
• Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
• While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
• A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
  B: I was snowboarding.

USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption

In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.

Examples:

• Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
• At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
• Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.

IMPORTANT

In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.

Examples:

• Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
  I started eating at 6 PM.
• Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
  I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.

USE 3 Parallel Actions

When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.

Examples:

• I was studying while he was making dinner.
• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
• Were you listening while he was talking?
• I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
• What were you doing while you were waiting?
• Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
• They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

USE 4 Atmosphere

In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.

Example:

• When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.

USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."

Examples:

• She was always coming to class late.
• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
• I didn't like them because they were always complaining.

While vs. When

Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as "while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.

Examples:

• I was studying when she called.
• While I was studying, she called.

     http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/pastcontinuous.html