- Second Group Presentation -

   18 JANUARY 2012..........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t...Today's class, group number two need to present about " Conjunctions " and " Preposition ".....The presenter is a Ahmad Fakhrullah Bin Adli, Ameer Iqram, Faiz Izzat Bin Fuad, and also Haziq.

What is a CONJUNCTIONS????
   Conjunction it's  connect between two idea.

You can use a conjunction to link words, phrases, and clauses, as in the following example:

I ate the pizza and the pasta.

Call the movers when you are ready.

Conjunction is divided into two main point.. There are ::

- Correlative Conjunctions

- Subordinating Conjunctions

What is a CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS???

Correlative conjunctions always appear in pairs -- you use them to link equivalent sentence elements. The most common correlative conjunctions are "both...and," "either...or," "neither...nor,", "not only...but also," "so...as," and "whether...or." (Technically correlative conjunctions consist simply of a co-ordinating conjunction linked to anadjective or adverb.)

The highlighted words in the following sentences are correlative conjunctions:

Both my grandfather and my father worked in the steel plant.

In this sentence, the correlative conjunction "both...and" is used to link the two noun phrases that act as the compound subject of the sentence: "my grandfather" and "my father".

Bring either a Jello salad or a potato scallop.

Here the correlative conjunction "either...or" links two noun phrases: "a Jello salad" and "a potato scallop."

Corinne is trying to decide whether to go to medical school orto go to law school.

Similarly, the correlative conjunction "whether ... or" links the twoinfinitive phrases "to go to medical school" and "to go to law school."

The explosion destroyed not only the school but also the neighbouring pub.

In this example the correlative conjunction "not only ... but also" links the two noun phrases ("the school" and "neighbouring pub") which act as direct objects.

Note: some words which appear as conjunctions can also appear as prepositions or as adverbs.

Example ::

* either...or (means 'one or the other')

   it can be only one

   " Either Faez or Izzat can get 'A' in Bel 120. "

Example ::

* neither...nor (means 'not one or another')

   cannot get - both are out

   " Neither Faez can get 'A' nor Izzat can get it for Miss Zu class. "

>> it must be two thing

What is a SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS???

A subordinating conjunction introduces a dependent clause and indicates the nature of the relationship among the independent clause(s) and the dependent clause(s).

The most common subordinating conjunctions are "after," "although," "as," "because," "before," "how," "if," "once," "since," "than," "that," "though," "till," "until," "when," "where," "whether," and "while."

Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a subordinating conjunction:

After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more independent.

The subordinating conjunction "after" introduces the dependent clause "After she had learned to drive."

If the paperwork arrives on time, your cheque will be mailed on Tuesday.

Similarly, the subordinating conjunction "if" introduces the dependent clause "If the paperwork arrives on time."

Gerald had to begin his thesis over again when his computer crashed.

The subordinating conjunction "when" introduces the dependent clause "when his computer crashed."

Midwifery advocates argue that home births are safer becausethe mother and baby are exposed to fewer people and fewer germs.

In this sentence, the dependent clause "because the mother and baby are exposed to fewer people and fewer germs" is introduced by the subordinating conjunction "because."

It's include about independent ( it can stand by itself ) and dependent ( it be based on independent )

Example ::

" I went to the beach everyday while I was in Cherating "

- Subordinating will be at the center and its combine the independent and dependent.

http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/conjunct.html

PREPOSITION

- Preposition are used to show the relationship among words in a sentence. The relationships include direction, place, time, cause, manner and amount.

Understand How To Form A Prepositional Phrase ::

- Preposition generally introduce prepositional phrases. Prepositional phrases look like this:

PREPOSITION + OPTIONAL MODIFIERS + NOUN, PRONOUN, OR GERUND

Here are some examples ::

At school

At = preposition; school = noun.

According to us

According to = preposition; us = pronoun.

By chewing

By = preposition; chewing = gerund.

Under the stove

Under = preposition; the = modifier; stove = noun.

In the crumb-filled, rumpled sheets

In = preposition; the, crumb-filled, rumpled = modifiers; sheets = noun.

- Preposition is include the movement, position and time.

http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/preposition.htm

- First Group Presentation -

   12 JANUARY 2012.........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t.....First group presentation is from Ain Nadia Bte Mohd Hashikin, NurAmanina Binti Mohd Zamri, and Farah Adiba Binti Hashim...They present about ' Pronouns ' and ' Article '...This is some explanation about this topic ::

What is a Pronoun?

A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. You use pronouns like "he," "which," "none," and "you" to make your sentences less cumbersome and less repetitive.

Grammarians classify pronouns into several types, including the personal pronoun, the demonstrative pronoun, the interrogative pronoun, the indefinite pronoun, the relative pronoun, the reflexive pronoun, and the intensive pronoun.

Personal Pronouns

A personal pronoun refers to a specific person or thing and changes its form to indicate person, number, gender, and case.

Subjective Personal Pronouns

A subjective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as the subject of the sentence. The subjective personal pronouns are "I," "you," "she," "he," "it," "we," "you," "they."
In the following sentences, each of the highlighted words is a subjective personal pronoun and acts as the subject of the sentence:

I was glad to find the bus pass in the bottom of the green knapsack.

You are surely the strangest child I have ever met.

He stole the selkie's skin and forced her to live with him.

When she was a young woman, she earned her living as a coal miner.

After many years, they returned to their homeland.

We will meet at the library at 3:30 p.m.

It is on the counter.

Are you the delegates from Malagawatch?

Objective Personal Pronouns

An objective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as an object of a verb, compound verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase. The objective personal pronouns are: "me," "you," "her," "him," "it," "us," "you," and "them." In the following sentences, each of the highlighted words is an objective personal pronoun:

Seamus stole the selkie's skin and forced her to live with him.

The objective personal pronoun "her" is the direct object of the verb "forced" and the objective personal pronoun "him" is the object of the preposition "with."

After reading the pamphlet, Judy threw it into the garbage can.

The pronoun "it" is the direct object of the verb "threw."

The agitated assistant stood up and faced the angry delegates and said, "Our leader will address you in five minutes."

In this sentence, the pronoun "you" is the direct object of the verb "address."

Deborah and Roberta will meet us at the newest café in the market.

Here the objective personal pronoun "us" is the direct object of the compound verb "will meet."

Give the list to me.

Here the objective personal pronoun "me" is the object of the preposition "to."

I'm not sure that my contact will talk to you.

Similarly in this example, the objective personal pronoun "you" is the object of the preposition "to."

Christopher was surprised to see her at the drag races.

Here the objective personal pronoun "her" is the object of the infinitive phrase "to see."

Possessive Personal Pronouns

A possessive pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as a marker of possession and defines who owns a particular object or person. The possessive personal pronouns are "mine," "yours," "hers," "his," "its," "ours," and "theirs." Note that possessive personal pronouns are very similar to possessive adjectives like "my," "her," and "their."
In each of the following sentences, the highlighted word is a possessive personal pronoun:

The smallest gift is mine.

Here the possessive pronoun "mine" functions as a subject complement.

This is yours.

Here too the possessive pronoun "yours" functions as a subject complement.

His is on the kitchen counter.

In this example, the possessive pronoun "his" acts as the subject of the sentence.

Theirs will be delivered tomorrow.

In this sentence, the possessive pronoun "theirs" is the subject of the sentence.

Ours is the green one on the corner.

Here too the possessive pronoun "ours" function as the subject of the sentence.

Demonstrative Pronouns

A demonstrative pronoun points to and identifies a noun or a pronoun. "This" and "these" refer to things that are nearby either in space or in time, while "that" and "those" refer to things that are farther away in space or time.
The demonstrative pronouns are "this," "that," "these," and "those." "This" and "that" are used to refer to singular nouns or noun phrasesand "these" and "those" are used to refer to plural nouns and noun phrases. Note that the demonstrative pronouns are identical todemonstrative adjectives, though, obviously, you use them differently. It is also important to note that "that" can also be used as a relative pronoun.
In the following sentences, each of the highlighted words is a demonstrative pronoun:

This must not continue.

Here "this" is used as the subject of the compound verb "must not continue."

This is puny; that is the tree I want.

In this example "this" is used as subject and refers to something close to the speaker. The demonstrative pronoun "that" is also a subject but refers to something farther away from the speaker.

Three customers wanted these.

Here "these" is the direct object of the verb "wanted."

Interrogative Pronouns

An interrogative pronoun is used to ask questions. The interrogative pronouns are "who," "whom," "which," "what" and the compounds formed with the suffix "ever" ("whoever," "whomever," "whichever," and "whatever"). Note that either "which" or "what" can also be used as an interrogative adjective, and that "who," "whom," or "which" can also be used as a relative pronoun.
You will find "who," "whom," and occasionally "which" used to refer to people, and "which" and "what" used to refer to things and to animals.
"Who" acts as the subject of a verb, while "whom" acts as the object of a verb, preposition, or a verbal.
The highlighted word in each of the following sentences is an interrogative pronoun:

Which wants to see the dentist first?

"Which" is the subject of the sentence.

Who wrote the novel Rockbound?

Similarly "who" is the subject of the sentence.

Whom do you think we should invite?

In this sentence, "whom" is the object of the verb "invite."

To whom do you wish to speak?

Here the interrogative pronoun "whom " is the object of the preposition "to."

Who will meet the delegates at the train station?

In this sentence, the interrogative pronoun "who" is the subject of the compound verb "will meet."

To whom did you give the paper?

In this example the interrogative pronoun "whom" is the object of the preposition "to."

What did she say?

Here the interrogative pronoun "what" is the direct object of the verb "say."

Relative Pronouns

You can use a relative pronoun is used to link one phrase or clauseto another phrase or clause. The relative pronouns are "who," "whom," "that," and "which." The compounds "whoever," "whomever," and "whichever" are also relative pronouns.
You can use the relative pronouns "who" and "whoever" to refer to the subject of a clause or sentence, and "whom" and "whomever" to refer to the objects of a verb, a verbal or a preposition.
In each of the following sentences, the highlighted word is a relative pronoun.

You may invite whomever you like to the party.

The relative pronoun "whomever" is the direct object of the compound verb "may invite."

The candidate who wins the greatest popular vote is not always elected.

In this sentence, the relative pronoun is the subject of the verb "wins" and introduces the subordinate clause "who wins the greatest popular vote." This subordinate clause acts as an adjective modifying "candidate."

In a time of crisis, the manager asks the workers whom she believes to be the most efficient to arrive an hour earlier than usual.

In this sentence "whom" is the direct object of the verb "believes" and introduces the subordinate clause "whom she believes to be the most efficient". This subordinate clause modifies the noun "workers."

Whoever broke the window will have to replace it.

Here "whoever" functions as the subject of the verb "broke."

The crate which was left in the corridor has now been moved into the storage closet.

In this example "which" acts as the subject of the compound verb "was left" and introduces the subordinate clause "which was left in the corridor." The subordinate clause acts as an adjective modifying the noun "crate."

I will read whichever manuscript arrives first.

Here "whichever" modifies the noun "manuscript" and introduces the subordinate clause "whichever manuscript arrives first." The subordinate clause functions as the direct object of the compound verb "will read."

Indefinite Pronouns

An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun referring to an identifiable but not specified person or thing. An indefinite pronoun conveys the idea of all, any, none, or some.
The most common indefinite pronouns are "all," "another," "any," "anybody," "anyone," "anything," "each," "everybody," "everyone," "everything," "few," "many," "nobody," "none," "one," "several," "some," "somebody," and "someone." Note that some indefinite pronouns can also be used as indefinite adjectives.
The highlighted words in the following sentences are indefinite pronouns:

Many were invited to the lunch but only twelve showed up.

Here "many" acts as the subject of the compound verb "were invited."

The office had been searched and everything was thrown onto the floor.

In this example, "everything" acts as a subject of the compound verb "was thrown."

We donated everything we found in the attic to the woman's shelter garage sale.

In this sentence, "everything" is the direct object of theverb "donated."

Although they looked everywhere for extra copies of the magazine, they found none.

Here too the indefinite pronoun functions as a direct object: "none" is the direct object of "found."

Make sure you give everyone a copy of the amended bylaws.

In this example, "everyone" is the indirect object of the verb "give" -- the direct object is the noun phrase "a copy of the amended bylaws."

Give a registration package to each.

Here "each" is the object of the preposition "to."

Reflexive Pronouns

You can use a reflexive pronoun to refer back to the subject of the clause or sentence.
The reflexive pronouns are "myself," "yourself," "herself," "himself," "itself," "ourselves," "yourselves," and "themselves." Note each of these can also act as an intensive pronoun.
Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a reflexive pronoun:

Diabetics give themselves insulin shots several times a day.

The Dean often does the photocopying herself so that the secretaries can do more important work.

After the party, I asked myself why I had faxed invitations to everyone in my office building.

Richard usually remembered to send a copy of his e-mail tohimself.

Although the landlord promised to paint the apartment, we ended up doing it ourselves.

Intensive Pronouns

An intensive pronoun is a pronoun used to emphasise its antecedent. Intensive pronouns are identical in form to reflexive pronouns. The highlighted words in the following sentences are intensive pronouns:

I myself believe that aliens should abduct my sister.

The Prime Minister himself said that he would lower taxes.

They themselves promised to come to the party even though they had a final exam at the same time. >> www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/pronouns.html

An article (abbreviated art) is a word that combines with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun. Articles specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun, in some languages extending to volume or numerical scope. The articles in the English language are the and a/an, and (in some contexts) some. 'An' and 'a' are modern forms of the Old English 'an', which in Anglian dialects was the number 'one' (compare 'on', in Saxon dialects) and survived into Modern Scots as the number 'ane'. Both 'on' (respelled 'one' by the Normans) and 'an' survived into Modern English, with 'one' used as the number and 'an' ('a', before nouns that begin with a consonant sound) as an indefinite article.

In some languages, articles are a special part of speech, which cannot easily be combined with other parts of speech. It is also possible for articles to be part of another part of speech category such as determiner, an English part of speech category that combines articles and demonstratives (such as 'this' and 'that').

In languages that employ articles, every common noun, with some exceptions, is expressed with a certain definiteness (e.g., definite or indefinite), just as many languages express every noun with a certain grammatical number (e.g., singular or plural). Every noun must be accompanied by the article, if any, corresponding to its definiteness, and the lack of an article (considered a zero article) itself specifies a certain definiteness. This is in contrast to other adjectives and determiners, which are typically optional. This obligatory nature of articles makes them among the most common words in many languages—in English, for example, the most frequent word is the.^[1] >> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_(grammar)

- Topic And Main Idea -

   11 JANUARY 2012.........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t...About today's class, we learn about " Topic and Main Idea "..

   Identifying Topics, Main Ideas, and Supporting Details

Understanding the topic, the gist, or the larger conceptual framework of a textbook chapter, an article, a paragraph, a sentence or a passage is a sophisticated reading task. Being able to draw conclusions, evaluate, and critically interpret articles or chapters is important for overall comprehension in college reading. Textbook chapters, articles, paragraphs, sentences, or passages all have topics and main ideas. The topic is the broad, general theme or message. It is what some call the subject. The main idea is the "key concept" being expressed. Details, major and minor, support the main idea by telling how, what, when, where, why, how much, or how many. Locating the topic, main idea, and supporting details helps you understand the point(s) the writer is attempting to express. Identifying the relationship between these will increase your comprehension.

Identifying the Topic:

The first thing you must be able to do to get at the main idea of a paragraph is to identify the topic - the subject of the paragraph. Think of the paragraph as a wheel with the topic being the hub - the central core around which the whole wheel (or paragraph) spins. Your strategy for topic identification is simply to ask yourself the question, "What is this about?" Keep asking yourself that question as you read a paragraph, until the answer to your question becomes clear. Sometimes you can spot the topic by looking for a word or two that repeat. Usually you can state the topic in a few words.

Grasping the Main Idea:

A paragraph is a group of sentences related to a particular topic, or central theme. Every paragraph has a key concept or main idea. The main idea is the most important piece of information the author wants you to know about the concept of that paragraph.

When authors write they have an idea in mind that they are trying to get across. This is especially true as authors compose paragraphs. An author organizes each paragraph's main idea and supporting details in support of the topic or central theme, and each paragraph supports the paragraph preceding it.

A writer will state his/her main idea explicitly somewhere in the paragraph. That main idea may be stated at the beginning of the paragraph, in the middle, or at the end. The sentence in which the main idea is stated is the topic sentence of that paragraph.

The topic sentence announces the general theme ( or portion of the theme) to be dealt with in the paragraph. Although the topic sentence may appear anywhere in the paragraph, it is usually first - and for a very good reason. This sentence provides the focus for the writer while writing and for the reader while reading. When you find the topic sentence, be sure to underline it so that it will stand out not only now, but also later when you review.

>> academic.cuesta.edu/acasupp/as/308.HTM

- Night Class -

   10 JANUARY 2012..........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t...This is a first time that we had night class. We need to do it at night because this is a replace class that we didn't have other day. I were very excited to goes this class because this is a first time. I really wanna try a class at night version. What can i say..." Night class was very awesome!! "...I really like it. Because at night we be more relaxed proportionate morning class.
   About today's lesson, we learn about some new chapter. It is call ' Subject-Verb Agreement '..

ÜPresent tense verbs in English should agree with the subject of the sentence

ÜSingular subjects use singular verbs

Jack robs liquor stores (s on the verb)

ÜPlural subjects use plural verbs

Bonnie and Clyde rob banks (no s on the verb)

ÜMost native speaker do this instinctively

ÜMore complex problems require you to learn a few rules

   Identify The Subject

ÜIgnore words that come between the subject and the verb

ÜReduce sentences to their simplest form

A good set of skis costs / cost hundreds of dollars

A good set of skis costs / cost hundreds of dollars

A good set of skis costs  hundreds of dollars

My boss, as well as her staff, leave / leaves early every Friday

My boss, as well as her staff, leave / leaves early every Friday

My boss, as well as her staff, leaves early every Friday

Compound Subjects Using 'and'

ÜMost compound subjects joined by “and” are plural

Bert and Ernie is / are special friends

Bert and Ernie is / are special friends (plural verb)

ÜException: If the words joined by “and” refer to a single thing, the subject is also singular

War and Peace is a very thick book (singular)

My friend and co-worker is waiting to see you (singular)

Compound Subjects Using 'or'

ÜWhen the subject is joined with “or” or “nor” the verb agrees with the words closest to the verb

Neither the instructor nor the students has / have any control over the number of 8 o’clock classes

Neither the instructor nor the students has / have any control over the number of 8 o’clock classes (plural verb)

Either two credit cards or a membership is / are needed before you can rent movies

Either two credit cards or a membership is / are needed before you can rent movies (singular verb)

–Note: While the above example is correct, it is usually better to place the plural word closer to the verb

Either a membership or two credit cards are needed before you can rent movies (plural verb) 

Indefinite Pronouns

- is a singular

- for example :: 

  >> every, everyone, everybody, each, neither, none, one, no one

Collective Nouns

- is a singular

- for example ::

  >> jury, committee, herd

For singular......we need to put 's'

For plural......we don't put 's'

Words ending in 's'

- singular

>> money and measurement

     - always singular

       eg : km        

>> a number ( plural )

>> the number ( singular )

For neither / either

- the subject must be the closer to the answer

- even it is one....the answer must be singular

This is our exercise for subject-verb agreement..a lot of improvement :

This is 'before' we learn about it >>

This is 'after' we learn about it >>

- Role Play -

   09 JANUARY 2012........

   Assalamualaikum w.b.t....About today's class, we need to do some role play about the story that we need to performed..One group, we need to has four member. There are including me, Raihana Binti Ramli, Masfarah Ain Binti Md Zin, and also Amirah Munirah. We need to choose a topic that Miss Zu give us. For my group, we choose topic number 5. The story is about :

  " You are getting married with your love one. You are announcing the news to your friends during your 22nd birthday celebration. Tell and announce your friends on your future honeymoon "

   For me, this activity was very good. It is because, we can be more creative to think in a group what we wanna present in front of the class. We also get more close with our team member. We also learn to be more tolerate with each other.

- Drama In Saying Goodbye -

   05 JANUARY 2012.........

     Assalamualaikum w.b.t..For information, there are many situations involve in saying goodbye..For example, like this few situations :

                        ~ A mother saying goodbye to her daughter on the first day of school..

                            ~ A man saying goodbye to his wife as he goes to fight in a war..

                          ~ A prisoner saying goodbye to his cellmate before he is released.. 

               ~ A president saying goodbye to another president after an important meeting..

                                 ~ A boy saying goodbye to a girl after they've just broken up..

                                ~ A friend saying goodbye to a friend before semester break..

   ~ A student saying goodbye to a lecturer when the class is ended at the end of semester..

   This is a few country, when they saying goodbye..
   - Italy ( Buona Sera ) 
   - France ( Au Revoir )
   - Thailand ( Sawadee )
   - China ( Selamat Jalan )
   - Malaysia ( Zai Jian )
   - Denmark ( Farvel )
   - Kenya ( Kwaheri )
   - Egypt ( M'asselema )
   - Myanmar ( Thwabaounme )
   - Poland ( Do Widzenia )


   So today, Miss Zu want us to perform in a play any other situation that involve in saying goodbye. My partner for this assignment was Ahmad Fakhrullah Bin Adli. First of all, we were just like.."Urghh!!!..what we wanna do tomorrow????!!!"....After we discuss for many time about the theme, finally we choose our topic about "Best Friend"..So, this is our story :
   
     SITUATION 1 :: AT HOME
 >> Fakhrul and Mai at their homes, get the letters from UiTM to continue their study. After that, Fakhrul call Mai and talk about the offer to continue study. They get the same class like before. Fakhrul deal to see Mai at the class tomorrow.


     SITUATION 2 :: AT THE CLASS

>> Fakhrul and Mai was excited because they get a same class. They flashback their memories while with friends. They shared stories together.

     SITUATION 3 :: AFTER ONE MONTH

>> Fakhrul want to meet Mai. They talked and eventually Fakhrul frank that he will follow his family for go to Australia. Fakhrul invites Mai to sent he to the airport.

     SITUATION 4 :: AT THE AIRPORT

>> Mai sent Fakhrul to the airport for the last time. Finally, they saying goodbye.

   For me, this assignment was very good. Because we can be more close with our partner. We also can be think creative to get the best situation for saying goodbye.

~ Me and Fakhrul ~